Git Commands You Should Know

Setting Up Git

Set your username:

git config --global user.name "Your Name"

Set your email:

git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"

Check your configuration:

git config --list

Repository Basics

Initialize a new repository:

git init

Clone an existing repository:

git clone <repository-url>

Checking Repository Status

Check the status of your repository:

git status

Working with Files

Track a new file:

git add <file-name>

Track all changes:

git add .

Unstage a file:

git restore --staged <file-name>

Discard changes in a file (unstaged):

git restore <file-name>

Checking Repository Status

Check the status of your repository:

git status

Commit staged changes:

git commit -m "Your commit message"

Amend the last commit (e.g., to fix the message):

git commit --amend

Branching

Create and switch to a new branch:

git switch -c <branch-name>

Switch to an existing branch:

git switch <branch-name>

List all branches:

git branch

Delete a local branch:

git branch -d <branch-name>

Force delete a local branch:

git branch -D <branch-name>

Merging

Merge a branch into the current branch:

git merge <branch-name>

Abort a merge (if there are conflicts):

git merge --abort

Working with Remote Repositories

Add a remote repository:

git remote add origin <repository-url>

Push an existing repository to Github

git remote add origin git@github.com:username/repository.git
git branch -M main
git push -u origin main

List remote repositories:

git remote -v

Push changes to the remote repository:

git push origin <branch-name>

Pull changes from the remote repository:

git pull origin <branch-name>

Fetch changes from the remote repository (without merging):

git fetch origin

Viewing History

View commit history:

git log

View a simplified commit history:

git log --oneline

View changes in the working directory:

git diff

View changes in staged files:

git diff --staged

Undoing Changes

Undo unstaged changes in a file:

git restore <file-name>

Unstage changes:

git restore --staged <file-name>

Undo the last commit (keep changes):

git reset --soft HEAD~1

Undo the last commit (discard changes):

git reset --hard HEAD~1

Revert a specific commit:

git revert <commit-hash>

Tagging

Create a tag:

git tag <tag-name>

Push a tag to the remote repository:

git push origin <tag-name>

List all tags:

git tag

Cleaning Up

Remove untracked files:

git clean -f

Remove untracked files and directories:

git clean -fd

Collaboration

Rebase your branch onto another branch:

git rebase <branch-name>

Stash your changes:

git stash

Apply stashed changes:

git stash apply

List stashes:

git stash list

Deleting Remote Branches

Delete a branch from the remote repository:

git push origin --delete <branch-name>

Checking Help

Get help for a Git command:

git help <command>